Everything about Iodoform totally explained
» The term 'iodoform' was also used in World War II to refer to group keys sent to agents in Europe by the Special Operations Executive: this usage is unrelated to the chemical.
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The compound
iodoform is
CHI3. A pale yellow, crystalline, volatile substance, it has a penetrating odor (in older chemistry texts, the smell is sometimes referred to as the smell of hospitals) and, analogous to
chloroform, sweetish taste. It is slightly soluble in
glycerol,
petroleum ether or
alcohol (78 g/l at 25 °C), averagely soluble in chloroform,
acetic acid and
ether (136 g/l at 25 °C) and easily soluble in
benzene and
acetone (120 g/l at 25 °C).
Physical properties
Its enthalpy of sublimation is 69.9 kJ.mol
-1 at range of temperatures 35 - 92 °C.
Iodoform molecule parameters are: d(C-I) = 2.12 ± 0.04 Å, d(I-I) = 3.535 ± 0.01 Å and I-C-I = 113°. Dipole moment is 1 D. Its space group is
P63 and
lattice constants are
a = 6.83 Å,
c = 7.52 Å.
It has
critical point at 584.85 °C, 5.63 MPa. Refractive index is 1.786 (D, 20 °C).
Synthesis
It was first prepared by
Georges Serrulas in 1822 and its molecular formula was identified by
Jean-Baptiste Dumas in 1834.
Iodoform can be synthesized in the
haloform reaction by the reaction of iodine and sodium hydroxide with any one of these four kinds of organic compounds:
For this reason iodoform was traditionally used as a test for
methyl ketone; if a methyl ketone is present in the solution, a yellow precipitate will form. This is known as the
iodoform test.
Reactions
Some reagents (for example
hydroiodic acid) can convert iodoform to
diiodomethane.
Also conversion to
carbon dioxide is possible. Iodoform reacts with
silver nitrate producing
carbon monoxide, which is oxidized by mixture of
sulfuric acid and
iodine pentaoxide.
Uses
It was used in medicine as a healing and antiseptic dressing for wounds and sores around the beginning of the 20th century, though this use is now superseded by better
antiseptics.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Iodoform'.
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